Food production and distribution is regarded as an essential activity.  Although some stores have implemented proactive measures to protect both workers and customers, the incidence rate of COVID-19 infection among supermarket employees appears higher than in the general population, (given uncertainties regarding actual rates) with some fatalities recorded.

The United Food and Commercial Workers Union has drawn attention to the fact that customers are frequently not wearing masks and are not observing social distancing protocols. 

Some supermarkets are moving to click-and-collect and to curbside service. Whole Foods Market has closed a store in New York to be converted to a fulfillment center.  It is accepted that unless retail stores including supermarkets impose a higher level of protection for both workers and customers, restrictions will be mandated.  Some states require that big-box retailers close non-essential areas of their operations.  Generally large stores are operating with separate entry and exit doors, one-way traffic in aisles and social distancing at checkout counters to protect employees.